CRE Calculators

NOI Calculator (Net Operating Income)

Find your property's net operating income — the number every other CRE metric is built on.

NOI Calculation Tool

Net Operating Income (NOI) Calculator

Enter potential income, vacancy, and itemized operating expenses

1. Gross Income & Vacancy

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%

Loss: $15,600

2. Operating Expenses Breakdown

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$
$
$
$

NOI Financial Summary

Annual Net Operating Income
$202,400

Monthly Avg: $16,867 / mo

Gross Potential Income:$312,000
Vacancy Deduction:-$15,600
Effective Gross Income (EGI):$296,400
Total Operating Expenses:-$94,000
Expense Ratio (% of EGI):31.71%
Note: NOI does not deduct mortgage debt service. Subtract annual loan payments to find net pre-tax cash flow.

What Is NOI and Why It Matters

NOI is the foundation metric in commercial real estate. Almost every other calculation — cap rate, DSCR, cash-on-cash return — starts with NOI. It represents how much income a property actually generates from operations, before you factor in your mortgage payment or income taxes. Lenders, appraisers, and buyers all look at NOI first because it isolates the property's performance from how any particular owner chose to finance it.

The Formula

NOI = Effective Gross Income (EGI) − Operating Expenses EGI = Gross Income − Vacancy & Credit Loss
Effective Gross Income (EGI):Gross potential rental income minus expected vacancy and unpaid rent
Operating Expenses:Property taxes, insurance, repairs/maintenance, management fees, landlord utilities. Excludes debt service, capital improvements, and income taxes.

A Real Example

A 12-unit apartment building generates $312,000/year in gross rental income. You estimate 5% vacancy loss ($15,600), and operating expenses run $94,000/year (taxes, insurance, maintenance, management fee). EGI = $312,000 − $15,600 = $296,400 NOI = $296,400 − $94,000 = $202,400/year (about $16,867/month)

Frequently Asked Questions

Does NOI include mortgage payments?

No. NOI is calculated before debt service. Your loan payment is subtracted later, when you calculate cash flow — not NOI.

What counts as an operating expense?

Property taxes, insurance, repairs and maintenance, property management fees, utilities the landlord pays, and reserves for replacement. Capital improvements (like a new roof) and mortgage payments are excluded.

Why do lenders care so much about NOI?

Lenders use NOI to calculate DSCR (debt service coverage ratio) — essentially, whether the property generates enough income to comfortably cover the loan payment. Low or shrinking NOI is a red flag in underwriting.

How is NOI different from cash flow?

NOI is before debt service; cash flow is after. Cash flow = NOI − annual debt service (and sometimes − capital reserves).

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